| NONE of these treatments have been applied to any of the gemstones found in Joanna Whitehurst jewellery. |
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Assembled
Assembled products made of multiple layers or combinations of manufactured and/or natural materials joined together. |
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Bleaching
Bleaching is the use of chemical agents to lighten or remove a gemstone's color.
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Coating
The coating of gemstones is when surface enhancements are applied to improve appearance, provide color or other special effects. |
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Dying
The introduction of coloring matter into a gemstone to give it new color, intensify present color or improve color uniformity. |
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Filling
As a by-product of heat enhancement, this is the presence of solidified borax or similar colorless substances which are visible under properly illuminated 10x magnification. |
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Gamma/Electron Irradiation
The use of gamma and/or electron bombardment to alter a gemstone's color, which may be followed by a heating process. |
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Gold-plated and Silver-plated
Gold-plated or silver plated items have a fine silver or gold film plated on the surface of a base metal by electrolysis. The film can be as thin as seven millionths of an inch. |
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Heating
The use of heat to effect desired alteration of colour, clarity and phenomena. |
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Infilling
The intentional filling of surface-breaking cavities or fractures usually with glass, plastic, opticon with hardeners and/or hardened foreign substances to improve durability, appearance and/or add weight. |
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Irradiation
The use of neutrons (requiring an environmental safety release from the NRC) in combination with any other bombardment and/or heat treatment to alter a gems colour. |
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Lasering
The use of lasers and chemicals to reach and alter inclusions in diamonds. |
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Oiling/Resin Infusion
The intentional filling of surface-breaking cavities with a colorless oil, wax, natural resin or unhardened man-made material into fissured transparent/translucent gemstones to improve appearance. |
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Bonding (Stabilization)
The use of a colorless bonding agent (commonly plastic) with a porous gemstone to give it durability and improve appearance. |
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Diffusion
The use of chemicals in conjunction with high temperatures to produce color and/or asterism (star-like) inclusions. |
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Waxing/ Oiling
The impregnation of a colorless wax, paraffin and/or oil in porous opaque gemstones to improve their appearance. |
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